Βυζάντιον, BYZANTIUM, Konstantinopel, Istanbul (Thracia)

Theatrum maius

Theatrum minus

Theater in der regio XIV

Theater in der regio XIII

Amphitheater 

Hippodrom

Stadion

Plan der antiken Stadt

Quellen

Zum Ende der kaiserlichen Finanzierung der Theater in Byzanz unter Justinian im Jahre 526:

Prokop, anekdota 26,5-10 (Thes. Ling. Graecae):

(5.) Ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἰατρούς τε καὶ διδασκάλους τῶν ἐλευθερίων τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἀπορεῖσθαι πεποίηκε. τάς τε γὰρ σιτήσεις, ἃς οἱ πρότερον βεβασιλευκότες ἐκ τοῦ δημοσίου χορηγεῖσθαι τούτοις δὴ τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν (6.) ἔταξαν, ταύτας δὴ οὗτος ἀφείλετο πάσας. καὶ μὴν καὶ ὅσους οἱ τὰς πόλεις οἰκοῦντες ἁπάσας πολιτικῶν σφίσιν ἢ θεωρητικῶν οἴκοθεν πεποίηνται πόρους, καὶ τούτους μεταγαγὼν φόροις ἀναμῖξαι τοῖς δημοσίοις (7.) ἐτόλμησε. καὶ οὔτε ἰατρῶν τις ἢ διδασκάλων τὸ λοιπὸν ἐγίνετο λόγος οὔτε δημοσίας τις ἔτι οἰκοδομίας προνοεῖν ἴσχυσεν οὔτε λύχνα ταῖς πόλεσιν ἐν δημοσίῳ ἐκάετο οὔτε τις ἦν ἄλλη παραψυχὴ τοῖς ταύτας οἰκοῦσι. (8.) τά τε γὰρ θέατρα καὶ ἱππόδρομοι καὶ κυνηγέσια ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἅπαντα ἤργει, οὗ δή οἱ τὴν γυναῖκα τετέχθαι τε καὶ τεθράφθαι καὶ πεπαιδεῦσθαι ξυνέβαι (9.) νεν. ὕστερον δὲ ταῦτα δὴ ἀργεῖν ἐν Βυζαντίῳ ἐκέλευσε τὰ θεάματα, τοῦ μὴ τὰ εἰωθότα χορηγεῖν τὸ δημόσιον πολλοῖς τε καὶ σχεδόν τι ἀναρίθμοις οὖσιν, (10.) οἷς ἐνθένδε ὁ βίος. ἦν τε ἰδίᾳ τε καὶ κοινῇ λύπη τε καὶ κατήφεια, ὥσπερ ἄλλο τι τῶν ἀπ’ οὐρανοῦ ἐπισκή (11.) ψασαι πάθος, καὶ βίος πᾶσιν ἀγέλαστος. ἄλλο τε τὸ παράπαν οὐδὲν ἐφέρετο τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἐν διηγήμασιν, οἴκοι τε οὖσι καὶ ἀγοράζουσι κἀν τοῖς ἱεροῖς διατρίβουσιν ἢ συμφοραί τε καὶ πάθη καὶ καινοτέρων ἀτυχημάτων ὑπερβολή.

Übersetzung (Lacus Curtius):

5 Nay more, he also caused physicians and teachers of free-born children to be in want of the necessities of life. For the allowances of free maintenance which the former Emperors had decreed should be given to men of these professions from the public funds he cancelled entirely. 6 Furthermore, all the revenues which the inhabitants of all the cities had been raising locally for their own civic needs and for their public spectacles he transferred and dared to mingle them with the national income. 7 And thereafter neither physicians nor teachers were held in any esteem, nor was anyone able any longer to make provision for public buildings, nor were the public lamps kept burning in the cities, nor was there any other consolation for their inhabitants. 8 For the theatres and hippodromes and circuses were all closed for the most part — the places in which, as it happened, his wife had been born and reared and educated. And later he ordered these spectacles to close down altogether, 9 even in Byzantium, so that the Treasury might not have to supply the usual sums to the numerous and almost countless persons who derived their living from them. 10 And there was both in private and in public sorrow and dejection, as though still another affliction from Heaven had smitten them, and there was no laughter in life for anyone. 11 And no other topics whatever arose in the conversation of the people, whether they were at home or in the market-place or were tarrying in the sacred places, than disasters and calamities and misfortunes of novel kind in surpassing degree.

Personen des Theaterlebens